Rules Analysis
Offensive Throwing (Thrower) Fouls:
An Offensive Throwing Foul occurs when the thrower is solely responsible for initiating non-minor contact with a defensive player who is in a legal position.
Note:
If the thrower moves into a non-moving marker who is legally positioned, this a foul by the thrower. i.e. if the thrower moves into a space the marker has already occupied when the thrower started the throwing motion, and the marker is not in breach of; straddle, disc space, wrapping.
Extra:
If a thrower intentionally makes contact with a legally positioned marker this is an offensive foul and also a breach of the most important rule - Spirit of the Game.If the marker is legally positioned and is moving their arm directly away from the thrower, and the thrower initiates contact with the markers arm, this is a foul by the offence.
Offensive Receiving Fouls:
A receiving foul can be deemed to have occurred if any player involved in the foul is attempting to make contact with the disc in anyway i.e. to catch it or block it. Non incidental contact that occurs directly after the attempt at the disc (i.e. a defender catches the disc and then collides with an offence player) is considered to be a receiving foul. Minor contact with the opponent's arms after the block occurs could reasonably be considered as incidental, and therefore not a foul. If Player A initiates contact with an opponent (Player B) that is the cause for Player B contacting Player A's teammate (Player C), then Player C cannot call a foul on Player B as they did not initiate the contact. If the disc is in the air but the players involved in the foul were running to receive or defend the next pass after possession has been established, this should be treated as an Indirect foul (rule 17.9). An uncontested offensive receiving foul is a turnover (rule 17.6.2); however an uncontested indirect foul by the offence is not (rule 17.9.2). If the offense commits a foul after establishing possession in the air, but the foul was caused by actions not related to the process of making the catch (eg while attempting to intentionally land in the end zone), this should be treated as an indirect foul.