If a thrown disc is not caught in bounds, then it is a turnover. The player must be in bounds and their very first point of contact must be completely in bounds and not on the perimeter.

If a player is about to catch a disc in bounds, but the player is forced to land out of bounds by an opponent, then it is still a catch and the player must put the disc into play on the entire playing field nearest to where they would have landed.

If a thrown disc is intercepted, then it is a turnover. If the defender proceeds to lose control due to ground contact, then it is still a single turnover and the original defense maintains possession.

If a disc in play is dropped by the thrower, and the disc is not caught, then it is a turnover. If the disc is caught by the thrower before another player contacts the disc, then the stall count continues.